Despite the hard life, the main place in which was occupied by hard peasant labor, the people have always had a craving for beauty and imaginative thinking. In creativity, the people reflected their labor activity, moral and ethical principles, religious beliefs. Later, folk art became the basis of professional art. Today, his traditions are largely preserved by amateur performances.
Instructions
Step 1
Initially, folk art was not subdivided into types. In folk festivals and rituals, poetry, music and singing, dance, theatrical and arts and crafts were merged together. The division into separate types and genres took place gradually.
Step 2
Folk poetry arose almost simultaneously with the process of the formation of human speech. It was originally oral. Following the written language, literature appeared, which at an early stage was closely associated with the traditions of oral folk art. In the most ancient period, there were legends and myths, labor and ritual songs, conspiracies. Later, fairy tales and epics appeared, then extra-ritual lyric poetry, romance, ditties and other small lyric genres.
Step 3
Folk music also existed mainly in unwritten form and was transmitted thanks to talented folk performers. The main genres of folk music are songs, epics (which were also sung in a chant), dance melodies, ditties, instrumental pieces and tunes. Music sounded throughout a person's life: during calendar holidays, field work, family celebrations and ceremonies.
Step 4
The folk theater existed in close connection with oral folk art. Its origins should be sought in ancient times, primarily in the ritual games that accompanied the holidays of hunters and farmers. In addition, elements of theatricalization were present in calendar and family and household holidays and rituals. Later, on their basis, the folk theater began to develop, the main types of which can be distinguished as the theater of a living actor and puppet theater. Although the folk theater was not professional, all countries of the world had their own specialists in the field of theatrical affairs, for example, Russian buffoons.
Step 5
One of the most ancient types of folk art is folk dance. The appearance of round dances was associated with calendar rituals. Gradually, moving away from ritual actions, the round dances were filled with new everyday content. Today, the most widespread form of folk choreography is folk stage dance performed by professional and amateur choreographic groups.
Step 6
Folk wood architecture and arts and crafts include residential buildings, clothing, household utensils and toys. Among the most common artistic and technological processes in folk art are: artistic processing of clay, carving and painting on wood, spinning, weaving, embroidery, lace-making, artistic varnishes, etc. Today they continue their development in the works of folk crafts.
