New styles, styles, all kinds of garments and accessories, as well as types of fabrics are constantly appearing. There are a huge number of varieties of textiles: from classic silk to ultra-modern electronic fabrics. The main difference between the fabric itself and other textiles is the weaving of threads.
Instructions
Step 1
In the production of matter, all kinds of weaves are used. They are divided into 4 categories: simple (basic), large-patterned, complex and small-patterned. The most simple and well-known weaves: linen, satin (satin) and twill. The surface of the material is smooth, without gloss and gloss (matte). The canvas looks identical from both the front and back sides. A great variety of textiles is produced by linen weaving: gauze, silk (chiffon, crepe de chine), woolen fabrics, linen (canvas, edging).
Step 2
Satin (satin) weave has a smooth, dense surface and is characterized by elongated overlapping strands. In a satin weave, even long sections on the surface of the cloth form a warp thread, and if, on the contrary, long sections of a thread are formed by weft threads, then the fabric is called satin. The fabrics of these weaves are remarkable for their excellent durability and high strength. They are often used as lining. Thus, silk, fine cotton, cotton fabrics, acetate fiber (rayon) are produced.
Step 3
It is quite possible to determine the twill weave by the dressing of the canvas. The appearance of the densely woven fabric includes a miniature scar that forms a diagonal pattern along the entire plane of the fabric. As a rule, the direction of the convex strip is directed from bottom to top and from left to right, very rarely from right to left.
Step 4
The steepness of the incline of the scar on the fabric depends on the optimal ratio of the thickness of the weft and warp strands. Produced with a diagonal weave of fabric: teak, gabardine and silk (lining) fabrics, jeans (denim) and cotton (dress), as well as linen (for sewing covers). Half-woolen fabrics are widespread - the basis of cotton and woolen wefts.
Step 5
Large-patterned weaves are produced on a loom with a special mechanism - a jacquard machine. With the help of jacquard, fabrics of various shapes with large relief patterns are produced: carpets, patterned dress and furniture-decorative fabrics, tapestry, tablecloths.
Step 6
Small-patterned weaving is characterized by a small repeating pattern on the surface of the fabric. It is used in the production of toweling (waffle) fabrics, flannel, as well as dress and costume fabrics.
Step 7
Intricate weaves stand out for their variety and are notable for the presence of three or four thread systems. With the help of them, thicker fabrics are obtained, which are used in the manufacture of drape, velvet, velor fabric, plush, velveteen and artificial fur.
