The pilot is an obligatory part of many types of uniforms, and not only military. Some firms tend to introduce their own uniforms, and such a headdress can look very elegant on a woman's head, especially when combined with a beautiful hairstyle. Caps are also popular among children. They were once part of the pioneer uniform. Pioneer caps came to the Soviet Union from Spain, therefore they were called "Spanish women". The military cap and the Spanish fluffy cap are sewn according to different patterns.
It is necessary
- -30 cm of fabric with a width of 140 cm;
- - thick paper;
- - ruler;
- - pencil;
- - sewing machine;
- - needles;
- - threads;
- - tape measure;
- - iron.
Instructions
Step 1
Before work, no matter what kind of cap you plan to sew, you need to take two measurements: head circumference and the desired height of the headgear. Divide the girth of the head by 2. For the "Spanish flu", build a rectangle, the length of which is equal to the half-girth of the head, and the width - the height of the cap. Add another 0.2-0.3 cm on each side so that the cap fits freely. Remember to make seam allowances.
Step 2
To design a military cap, draw a horizontal line on graph paper and lay the half-girth of the head on it. Lay 5-7 cm down on the margins, and up - twice 5-7 cm and once 9-10 cm. Draw lines parallel to the bottom through these points. On them you will wrap the fields and lay folds. Along the bottom line of the brim, set aside equal segments of 2-3 cm on both sides. On each line of the folds, subtract 1 cm inside the cap. Connect the ends of all lines with a smooth curve so that the cap tapers slightly upward. Add a couple of millimeters on each side (excluding allowances). Cut out a pattern.
Step 3
Cut out a pattern. Cut out four identical pieces for each cap. Do not fold the fabric into four folds. It is better to circle the pattern four times and make allowances that are the same on all sides. The lines should come out on the wrong side.
Step 4
Place the pattern on the Spanish flute piece and iron the allowances on the wrong side. Do the same for all other details. The classic "Spanish" is sewn on the front side.
Step 5
Fold together, wrong sides, 2 rectangles, one for the top and one for the lining. Align the bottom seam, baste it and sew to the very edge. Do the same with the other pair.
Step 6
Connect the halves by matching the rest of the cuts. Likewise, sweep the details on three sides and sew very close to the edge. If you make the lining and top of fabric of different colors, you will get an edging along the side and top seams. You can decorate the Spanish flu with a brush or an emblem. A tassel in the color of the edging is sewn into the upper front corner, the emblem is in the middle of the front seam.
Step 7
Mark the margins and folds on the details of the military cap with a needle-forward seam. Fold each piece along the fold lines. Fold the bottom cuts to the wrong side and iron too. In the same way as in the manufacture of "Spanish", sew in pairs the details of the inner and outer sides. Stitch very close to the edge, about 0.2 cm apart.
Step 8
Unscrew and iron the margins. Assemble the cap by aligning and stitching the rest of the cuts. If required by the form, attach the logo. Secure the hem and folds with a few inconspicuous stitches. The height and depth of the folds of the military cap is determined experimentally. Make an approximate paper pattern, try to fold it along the outlined lines and try on.
Step 9
Pilot according to this description is sewn much easier, since it consists of only two identical parts. To make a pattern for such a cap, measure the head at the level of the back of the head and forehead with a measuring tape, this value will be the length of the product. Then you need to clarify the height of the cap, for which measure the value from ear to ear.
Step 10
Make a pattern drawing. For convenience, it is better to use graph paper, but in the absence of it, a double squared notebook sheet or any other paper will do (for example, for a printer, but in this case it will be a little more difficult to make a drawing). In accordance with the measurements taken, draw a rectangle with the data obtained during the measurement, in which the length of one of the sides will be the length of the cap and the width - its height.
Step 11
Now transfer the pattern to the fabric. For convenience, fold the fabric in two crosswise folds. Then, so that the fabric does not "run away" when cutting, secure its edges with sewing pins. Place the fabric so that the long side of the rectangle lines up with the fold of the fabric.
Step 12
When transferring the pattern to the fabric, make allowances for the seams: on the side - 1, 5 cm, on the bottom cut - 4 cm. Overcast the edges. Ideally it would be great if you overlock them. But in the absence of it, you can use such a device as a zigzag. Or overcast the edges by hand.
Step 13
Sweep the product. And then sew. Turn out the cap, iron the seams. Fold the bottom edge of the garment 1 cm, then press it on and fold it again 2 cm. Sew the seam using the sewing machine.
Step 14
Such a cap can be sewn from any fabric, but it is best to use a thick, cotton one. However, if you need to use a thinner fabric in your work, for example, silk, satin, etc., make a double cap. You don't need to make two caps: one larger, one 0.5-1 cm smaller. Pilots need to be inserted into each other. Cut out a garrison cap pattern from cardboard or thick paper. And insert it into the finished product. To better fix the cardboard inside the cap, drop PVA glue on it in several places. Stitch the bottom edge. By inserting cardboard into the cap, you will make it more dense, and so the cap will keep its shape.
Step 15
If you are sewing a cap for special occasions (for a suit or a festive event), before work (or after it), sew or glue an emblem on the fabric, make a line with colored, contrasting thread. You can also decorate the cap with a brush. Insert its "tail" into the seam and stitch it.
Step 16
To make a brush, wind the threads on a piece of cardboard equal in width to the length of the brush. Wind a sufficient amount of thread, and then grab the top of the brush with a separate thread. Tighten tighter and cut the bottom of the workpiece. Your brush is ready. Your brush is ready. Insert a thread into it and sew to the cap.
