The modern five-line musical system was developed in the Middle Ages by the Italian monk Guido d'Arezzo. It turned out to be so convenient and simple that it immediately gained popularity and replaced all the previous, more cumbersome and difficult to read analogs. In modern musical literature, this system is adjusted to the specifics of performance on a particular instrument.
Instructions
Step 1
At the beginning of each staff, the corresponding sign is written. Today, the most common are violin ("G"), bass ("fa"), alto and tenor (both - "C"). The name borrowed by the key from the notes is due to the fact that by the position of the key you can find the corresponding note of the first or minor octave (depending on the key).
In the treble clef, the note "G" of the first octave is written on the second from the bottom ruler (the key's spiral starts to twist from it), in the bass - the note "fa" is small on the second ruler from the top (Again, the key is written from it). In alto and tenor clefs, the "C" note of the first octave falls in the middle of the clef (the third and second from the top of the ruler, respectively).
The use of the key is associated with an easier recording and a decrease in the number of additional rulers. Before playing from the notes, check in which key system the part is recorded.
Step 2
For most instruments (piano, bowed, partly woodwind), notes are recorded in accordance with the sound. In other words, “C” of the first octave for these instruments is written on the first additional ruler from the bottom, “d” under the first ruler from the bottom, “e” on the bottom ruler, and so on.
But there are instruments that transpose, that is, they sound at a certain interval above or below what is written. More often this interval is equal to an octave, but there is a record in a fifth, and in a third, and in complex intervals. Transposing instruments include the entire family of saxophones, the piccolo flute, the entire family of guitars, etc. So, the piccolo flute (from the Italian "little flute") plays an octave higher than what is written, and some types of guitars (classical, acoustic, electronic, bass) an octave lower. Usually, the corresponding tutorial tells about the specifics of recording and playing the parts of a particular instrument.
Step 3
When playing by notes, the tempo of the commodo is initially taken - from the Italian "convenient". This is, as a rule, a slow tempo, allowing the musician to see all notes in advance and imagine their convenient playing on the instrument (selection of fingering, selection of strings, valves or keys). With such a performance, the musician does not need to focus on the passage being played at the moment. There is enough time to look ahead one or two measures and get ready for the next step. Subsequently, while accelerating the tempo, also look a little ahead in order to rearrange your fingers and develop the melody gradually, and not at the moment of climax.
Step 4
In addition to the actual notes, pay attention to the touches and melismas. From the very beginning, accustom yourself not to mechanical reproduction of sounds, but to a meaningful presentation of the composer's thoughts. Think of the musical text as an analogue of emotional speech, which has a beginning, middle and end; development, climax and decline.
Step 5
When making jewelry, follow the traditions of a particular era. So, in classical music (Haydn, Beethoven), trills are played with an emphasis on the first note, and in romantic music (Schumann, Glier) - with an emphasis on the last note. Similarly characteristic accents are characteristic of the leagues: an emphasis on the first note and a lighter jump to the second in the classics and a small crescendo to the second note in romance.
