Before starting to independently develop designs for electronic devices, it is necessary to learn how to assemble such devices according to ready-made schemes. To do this, you need to master the skills of soldering and reading circuits.
Instructions
Step 1
If you do not know how to solder yet, practice on the faulty parts first. Press the lead of the part against the layer of rosin in the jar, then touch it with the tip of a soldering iron so that it is slightly submerged in the rosin. After that, remove the lead from the rosin, put some solder on the tip and run it along the lead. It will be tinted. Do the same with the wire. After that, fold the lead and wire together, apply rosin to the junction with a soldering iron, and then solder, and they will be soldered. Only after bringing this operation to automatism, start assembling the circuit from serviceable parts.
Step 2
Using the reference book, learn how to compare the part numbers on the diagrams with real parts. Find out what their electrodes are called. It is also possible to determine which electrodes the conclusions of the real part correspond to in each specific case from the reference book. Remember that the pinouts, even for parts in the same housings, differ from type to type.
Step 3
A special case arises when installing microcircuits. For them, the pin numbers are indicated in the diagram, but they are not indicated on the microcircuits themselves. Place the case with the label facing up, and take the pin located next to the dot as the first one. The remaining pins are numbered counterclockwise (and clockwise on the reverse side of the board). At first, until you know how to solder quickly, use sockets for mounting microcircuits so as not to overheat them when soldering. Only after soldering the socket, install the element into it.
Step 4
Purchase a dedicated universal PCB. Solder the parts into it in the following order: first all passive elements (resistors, capacitors, connectors, etc.), then discrete semiconductor devices (for example, diodes, transistors), then microcircuits. Connect their leads on the back of the board with ordinary wires. Please note that it is more rational to install some components, for example, controls and indicators, outside the board - on the walls of the case.
Step 5
Now carefully check the installation for compliance with the circuit diagram and apply power to the finished board.
