Perhaps no musical instrument enjoys such popular love as the guitar. It is often played by people who not only have no musical education, but also do not know the notes and therefore have no idea what note is being played on which string. And knowing this will not hurt at least in order to properly tune the instrument.
Speaking about the tuning of the guitar, it is necessary to clarify that there are different types of this instrument. In home music, as a rule, two varieties are used: a six-string guitar and, less often, a seven-string guitar.
Tune a six-string guitar
The six-string guitar is also called Spanish, as well as classical. The first name is associated with its origin, and the second - with the fact that this particular type of guitar is used in academic performance.
This guitar has a quart tuning, i.e. the notes corresponding to its strings are arranged in four steps, not counting one exception.
The first string of any instrument is the one that produces the highest sound. In a six-string guitar, the first string corresponds to the E of the first octave. The notes corresponding to the frets are spaced semitone apart. Therefore, at the 5th fret, you will find the A note of the first octave - the one that the tuning fork produces. Knowing this, you can tune the first string to it.
A quarter below is the si of the minor octave. To tune this string to the first one, you need to hold it down at the 5th fret and make it the same pitch as the E.
The third string is spaced from the second by another interval - the third, it covers three steps. This will be a minor octave salt and should be tuned not in the 5th fret, but in the fourth fret.
The remaining three strings are also arranged in fourths: the minor octave D, the major A and the major E, and are tuned to the fifth fret.
To make guitar notes easier to read, they write them an octave higher than the real sound: if the E is written in the second octave, you have to play E first, etc.
Seven-string guitar tuning
Such a guitar is called Russian or Gypsy. Created it at the end of the 18th century. Russian guitarist A. O. Sikhra, she became widespread among Russian gypsies, who glorified her outside of Russia, in particular - in Brazil.
The range of a seven-string guitar is not wider than that of a six-string guitar, but it seems to be more intimately tuned. The notes corresponding to its strings are located through the third, and only in two cases through the fourth, and the frets are also in semitones.
The first string is the D of the first octave, one tone lower than the seven-string guitar. You need to tune it to the tuning fork at the seventh fret.
The second string is the B of a small octave; you need to tune it to the first string at the third fret.
The third is the G of the minor octave, but this third is different from the one that separates the first and second strings, so you need to tune the third string to the second at the fourth fret.
The fourth is a minor octave D, this is a fourth with the previous string, tuned at the 5th fret. Next come the B and G of the large octave, the fifth string is built along the third fret, the sixth string along the fourth. The seventh, lowest string, a large octave D, is built at the 5th fret. The notes for the seven-string guitar, as well as for the six-string guitar, are recorded one octave higher.
